| |
| ANGOLA |
MPLA
30% |
| ARGENTINA |
PS
30%
UCR 30% |
| ARMENIA |
ARF 25% for
candidates' lists |
| AUSTRALIA |
ALP 40% |
| AUSTRIA |
SPÖ 40%
for both genders |
| BELGIUM |
PS 20%
SPA 25% |
| BOSNIA
& HERZEGOVINA |
SDP BiH, 30% |
| BOTSWANA |
BNF 30% |
| BRAZIL |
PDT 30% for
party structures only |
| BULGARIA |
BSD 30% for
party structures only |
| CAMEROON |
SDF 25% for
party structures only |
| CANADA |
NDP/NPD 50% |
| CHILE |
PRSD 20% for party structures
only
PPD 40%
PS 30%
|
| COLOMBIA |
PLC 30% for
party structures only |
| COSTA RICA |
PLN 40% |
| CROATIA |
SDP 40% for
both genders |
| CURAÇAO |
MAN 30% for
candidates' lists |
| CYPRUS |
Movement of
Social Democrats 25% |
| CZECH REPUBLIC |
SDP 25% for
party structures only |
| DENMARK |
SDP 40% for
both genders |
| DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC |
PRD 33% |
| ECUADOR |
PID 30% |
| FINLAND |
SDP 40% for
both genders and for party structures |
| FRANCE |
PS 50% |
| FYR MACEDONIA |
SDSM 30% for
both genders |
| GERMANY |
SPD 40% for
both genders |
| GREECE |
PASOK 40%
for both genders and for party structures |
| HAITI |
KONAKOM 25% |
| HUNGARY |
MSzP 20% |
| IRELAND |
The Labour
Party 25% |
| ISRAEL |
Israel Labour
Party 40% for party structures only
Meretz-Yachad Party 40% for party structures and for both genders |
| ITALY |
PS 66% maximum
for both genders and for party structures
DS 40% for both genders |
| IVORY COAST |
FPI 30% |
| LITHUANIA |
SDP 30% |
| MALI |
ADEMA-PASJ
30%
RPM 30% |
| MALTA |
Labour Party
20% |
| MEXICO |
PRD 30%
for both genders
PRI 50% |
| MONGOLIA |
MPRP 30% for candidates,
25% for party structures
|
| MONTENEGRO |
SDPM 30% |
| MOROCCO |
USFP 20% |
| MOZAMBIQUE |
Frelimo Party
35% |
| NETHERLANDS |
PvdA 50% |
| NICARAGUA |
FSLN 30% minimum |
| NORWAY |
DNA 40% for
both genders |
| PARAGUAY |
PRF 30% minimum |
| PHILIPPINES |
PDSP 25% |
| PORTUGAL |
PS 33% for
both genders |
| ROMANIA |
PSD 25% |
| SENEGAL |
PS 25% |
| SERBIA
|
SDP 30% |
| SLOVAKIA |
SMER 20% |
| SLOVENIA |
SD 33% |
| SOUTH AFRICA |
ANC 30% |
| SPAIN |
PSOE 40% for
both genders. |
| SWEDEN |
SAP 50% for
all candidates' list |
| SWITZERLAND |
SP/PS 40% |
| TUNISIA |
RCD 20% |
| TURKEY |
CHP 25% for
both genders |
| UKRAINE |
SDPU 33% |
| URUGUAY |
PSU 36% minimum |
| USA |
DSA 50% for
internal organisation only |
| VENEZUELA |
AD 30% |
| YEMEN |
YSP 30% |
The Quota for Women in Legislation:
|
- In Argentina, an amendment to the electoral law was
passed in November 1991. It stipulates that candidates' lists
must include a minimum of 30 per cent women candidates for the
posts up for election in proportions which offer the possibility
of being elected. Lists which do not comply with these requirements
will not be made official.
|
- In Belgium, legislation was passed in May 1994, stipulating
a quota of one in four places on parliamentary candidates' lists
from 1 January 1996 to 1 January 1999, to be increased thereafter
to one in three. Sanctions consist of limiting the number of
candidates: for example, where the one in four rule applies,
of 25 candidates, 6 must be women. If there are only 4 women
on the list, 2 places remain empty.
|
- In the French Republic, the laws have recently been
enriched by measures favorable to the participation of women
in political life. Urged on by public opinion convince by the
progress achieved by the Socialist Party since 1997, Deputies
first modified the Constitution, then adopted measures for future
elections. On 28 June 1999, the Congress (Deputies and Senators)
approved modification of article 3 of the Constitution which
now reads thus: "The law favours the equal access of
women and men to electoral mandates and elected offices".
This modification has opened the door to the implementation of
laws for different elections. It was thus that in December 1999,
a draft law was submitted regarding on the one hand, elections
based on a list system and on the other, elections for a single
member. Regarding the former, lists of candidates must henceforth
be composed of equal numbers of women and men. The verification
of such parity occurs every 6 candidates and continues until
the end of the list. Lists which do not conform to this criterion
are not registered and cannot participate in the elections. The
law comes into effect at the municipal elections of 2001 except
for those communes with fewer than 3,500 inhabitants, which have
a special electoral system. Single member elections do not allow
gender parity of candidates to be imposed: the law has created
a special measure which penalises financially those parties or
political groupings which do not respect a balance between women
and men. Thus public funds given by the State will be reduced
from the moment the gap between the candidates of each sex goes
beyond 2% of the total number of candidates. For example, a party
which presents 49% women and 51% men will not be penalised. Despite
the fierce opposition of the right, these measures in their entirity
were voted in at their last reading in May 2000 ; they represent
a fundamental step forward in the modernisation of French democracy.
|
- In Mexico federal electoral law stipulates that political
parties must promote a greater participation of women in the
political life of the country. With this in mind, federal laws
require political parties to include this principle in its constitutive
documents. Federal electoral law has also introduced the rule
that all nominations for members of the Lower or Upper Chamber
that are registered with the Federal Electoral Institute cannot
exceed 70 per cent of either gender.
|
SIW declarations and resolutions on the quota system:
|
|
|
